Hermeneutics - the study of understanding what the Bible means by faithfully acknowledging that the Bible will never mean what it never meant. This study bridges the gap between our minds and the minds of the original writers, readers, and hearers so that we can properly apply the timeless truth to our current context.
Theology - the study of God—His nature, character, plans, and ways
Textual Criticism - study of manuscript evidence in order to restore the biblical text as closely as possible to the original text. Understanding this science increases our confidence in our modern translations.
Textual Criticism:
Myths and Mistakes in New Testament Textual Criticism by Peter Gurry & Daniel Wallace
The New Testament Documents by F.F. Bruce
Can We Trust the Gospels by Peter J. Williams
Hermeneutics and Understanding the Bible:
A General Introduction to the Bible by Norman Geisler
The Big Book of Bible Difficulties by Norman Geisler & Thomas Howe
How to Read the Bible for All Its Worth by Gordon D. Fee & Douglas Stuart
How to Read the Bible Book by Book by Gordon D. Fee & Douglas Stuart
Women of the Word: How to Study the Bible with Both Our Hearts and Our Minds by Jen Wilkin
Is God A Moral Monster?: Making Sense of the Old Testament God by Paul Copan
Theology:
What Is Biblical Theology?: A Guide to the Bible's Story, Symbolism, and Patterns by James M. Hamilton
Systematic Theology: An Introduction to Biblical Doctrine by Wayne Grudem
Essential Doctrines of the Faith - Norman Geisler video
Finding the Right Hills to Die On - by Gavin Ortlund (how to prioritize doctrines)
Bibles and Commentaries:
Apologetics Study Bible by Holman Bible Staff
NIV Application commentary series
Christ-centered Exposition commentary series
Simply Put podcast, essential doctrines/theology in 5 minutes
Bible Thinker website, app, podcast: Bible study/worldview/theology
e-Sword Bible study software and app
Logos Bible study software
The Bible Recap - podcast/reading plan
Got Questions - Bible questions answered